The randomized three phase clinical trials of the drug inotuzumab ozogamicin showed the majority of statistically significant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients relapsed after receiving standard therapy are eligible to receive stem cell transplantation. Inotuzumab ozogamicin, also known as CMC-544, can bond with antibody targeted at CD22. This antibody is a protein that can be found in the surface of 90% of ALL cells. Once drugs are connected to CD22, ALL cells will attract it to human body and ultimately die. There are also other research about in-vivo effect of recombinant proteins in ALL.
This study shows that the complete remission rate of drugs is up to 81%. Compared with standard therapy, its disease progression-free period was significantly prolonged and overall survival was improved significantly. The research was conducted in MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas. The findings have been published in the June 12 online edition of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Dr. Hagop Kantarjian at Leukemia Group said 41% of ALL patients in the study can continue to receive a transplant after taking inotuzumab ozogamicin, while only 11% of patients can receive a transplant after taking the conventional standard therapy. Taking into account that stem cell transplant is the only hope of cure, the ability of Hagop Kantarjian increasing the probability of a patient to receive a transplant is very encouraging.
Donor stem cell transplantation is generally considered to be a cure for this vicious leukemia, and there will be 6500 people diagnosed with the disease in the United States in 2016. However, patients must complete remission to accept the post-transplant. The existing complete remission (CR) rate of patients who are just diagnosed with B-cell ALL is 60-90%. However, most of these patients will relapse, and only 30-50% of patients can achieve long-term disease-free survival in more than three years.
Dr. Kantarjian said that the complete remission rate of standard chemotherapy in patients with early relapse program was only 31-41%, while it was only 18-25% for patients with late recurrence. The complete remission rate of inotuzumab ozogamicin clinical trials in patients is 58%, which was higher than previously reported, and it may because the patients received treatment in later period.
Moderate side effects were found in the trials. The most common side effect is reduction of blood cells, which leads to a decrease in blood cell abnormalities. And liver toxicity all existed. The study was funded by Pfizer. Cusabio also provides other products such as recombinant CDH2 to support more accurate research results.
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