Strengthens the immune system can be suppressed brain

Dendritic cells are specialized cells, which typically capture microorganisms, and then migrate to the lymph nodes, by stimulating other immune members, such as T cells, repel invaders.

Dendritic cells have been used for a variety of tumor types - those that affect the brain tumor immunotherapy include. The therapy is usually collected from these patients dendritic cells, and then obtained by expression of an antigen from the tumor, by engineered way to construct a vaccine, then reinfusion into the patient. Once in the patient, reinfusion of engineered dendritic cells activate T cells, we can face and to react against tumors and tumor recurrence.

Dr. Mitchell and his colleagues wanted to know, dendritic cells migrate to the lymph nodes is able to improve the effectiveness of the vaccine. To test this idea, a group of glioblastoma patients were randomized to receive a tetanus booster shot before the first injection of dendritic cell vaccines expressing tumor antigens. Booster is designed to initiate an immune response vaccination sites, which can facilitate larger immune response. While the other group received their own immature dendritic cells, but not tetanus vaccine. After comparing the two groups of patients with the vaccine, for glioblastoma effects.

Studies have shown that the presence of cytomegalovirus in glioblastomas, but Mouse Platelet Factor 4 ELISA Kit http://www.cusabio.com/ELISA-Kit/Mouse-Platelet-Factor-4PF-4-ELISA-Kit-95923.html is still unclear, whether the virus can cause cancer or lead to the sustainable development of the disease. Glioblastoma is a very serious devastating brain cancer, five-year survival rate is usually less than 10%. From time of diagnosis, survival time is usually no more than 2 years.

"The role of glioblastoma cytomegalovirus, which a few years in the field of research has been controversial. These new results, especially changes in survival, suggesting that the virus may be an effective target for immunotherapy .Mitchell results of Dr. and his colleagues found, to promote the role of basic research, and this potential therapy for CMV in brain cancer or other possible cancers. "Dr. person directly in charge of the project NINDS Jane Fountain said.

The results show that, prior to vaccination, first giving a needle tetanus boosters, can increase the probability of dendritic cells migrate to the lymph nodes, which has an important influence clinical outcome. Patients receiving tetanus booster, survival after diagnosis of over 36.6 months, while the average survival time is only accept injection of dendritic cells in patients who only 18.5 months.

"We did not expect to enhance the migration of dendritic cells, will improve our clinical outcomes in patients with such a dramatic change," Dr. Mitchell said.

Next, the researchers used a mouse model to determine, tetanus enhancer is how to increase the dendritic cells migrate to the lymph nodes. The results showed that mice tetanus vaccine enhancer activated T cells in the recall reaction in exposed. This process is known as chemical messengers by CCL3 completed, at the same time, these T cells will increase the probability of dendritic cells migrate to the lymph nodes, and ultimately improve the inhibition of dendritic cell vaccine on tumor growth.

"Dendritic cell vaccine for malignant glioma can be very effective to improve the migration of dendritic cells. Our job now is to understand to accept this vaccine, is how to improve patient outcomes," Dr. Mitchell said. He added that these results also need a lot of clinical studies for validation.

In addition, with regard to the role of CMV in glioblastoma in a need for further research, it is also necessary to further define, reinforcing mechanisms in cancer vaccine therapy.