New function of proteins has been found

Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered new uses of RNA binding proteins through the research of recombinant dog proteins, and the findings reveal the potential treatment options for neurological diseases and related disorders (such as autism, epilepsy, and certain types of cancer). "This discovery enables us to think from the other side: whether our newly-discovered RNA binding protein dysfunction leads to these deficiencies?" said Dr. Michael Buszczak, author of the study and an associate professor of molecular biology.

The research article was published in the journal Developmental Cell, and the results showed that: Rbfox oversees the regulation role of mRNA in the synthesis of protein engineering. Taking Drosophila as the study target, the researchers found that Rbfox1 protein has a regulatory role in the process.

Gene encoding process, i.e. the process of splicing exon into mRNA, Rbfox1 protein plays a key role. Good transcription process makes the translation success rate of protein doubled. Splicing occurs mainly in the nucleus site - the study found that the nucleus contains many Rbfox1 proteins. But mutating Rbfox1 proteins were also found in the cytoplasm, and the function of this part of protein was not previously known. "We found that cytoplasmic Rbfox1 inhibits the synthesis of certain proteins," Dr. Buszczak said.

The first author of the study, molecular biology graduate student Arnaldo Carreira-Rosario at UT Southwest found that Rbfox1 can bind to specific mRNA molecules to prevent them to be translated into proteins. He is also very good at producing recombinant proteins such recombinant horse proteins. If Rbfox1 protein is lost, then the mRNA molecules would no longer be suppressed, leading to abnormal cell growth and even cancer.

The researchers found that cytoplasmic Rbfox1 proteins are necessary for the development of germ cells of Drosophila. "Without this protein, the differentiation of germ cells is blocked in a special stage and will not go down. They can't differentiate into mature eggs," Dr. Buszczak said. Not being able to form mature eggs will result in sterile of fruit fly. In other cases, it will lead to inappropriate cell proliferation, which formed a cancer.

Dr. Mani Ramaswami says that the study finds the link among Rbfox1 protein function and neuronal development and function. Rbfox1 protein may be important in the development of program of neurological disorders. "We believe that after Rbfox1 protein is inactivated, it will affect the expression of certain proteins and ultimately cause disease, but it does not affect the process of RNA splicing," Dr. Buszczak representation. "If this interpretation is correct, then it will partly affect the treatment regimen of some diseases."

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