Gene technology improves the efficiency of gene sequencing

Research on genes has gone through long years. Today, gene technology brings the humans not only health care reform but also the cognitive changes of life-style and even the whole world.

In 1865, Austrian geneticist Gregor Mendel proposed Mendel's genetic law, namely the law of separation and the law of free combination. He revealed that genes are passed from generation to generation and they determine the genetic characteristics. Later, scientists consistently proved Mendel's genetic law. But until 1909, the US evolutionary biologist, geneticist and embryologist Thomas Hunt Morgan discovered a genetic mechanism of chromosomes and established the theory of chromosomes, becoming the founder of modern experimental biology. Since then, the basis of genetic research was born and thus taking root and growing.

Gene technology is another leap forward in 1990. US Congress officially approved and launched the Human Genome Project, planning to totally invest $ 3 billion to analyze the entire human genome in at least 15 years. Scientists from the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Japan and China participated in the plan. It is envisaged that in 2005, scientists would unlock about 25,000 gene codes in human body and complete gene mapping of the whole human genome. That's to say, they should unlock the secret of 3 billion of base-pairs which compose the 25,000 genes of the human body. The Human Genome Project is also known as "Lunar Probe Project" of life sciences.

But it was not until 2005, on June 26th in 2000, the "working draft" of human genome was first published, driving the development of genome sequencing technology. Before such great development of gene sequencing technology, scientists carried out manual sequencing by X-ray and slowly evolved into the use of sequencers which can only read a few hundred of base-pairs in a segment. After the success of Human Genome Project, scientists' work is more effective, for they can conduct reading work of multiple segments by using of instruments.

High-efficiency gene sequencing makes genetic testing more civilized. Once upon a time, in the times of old equipment and technology disjointed with demands, the determination of a person's genome required a dozen years and hundreds of millions of money. But now, the gene technology has developed to the condition of completing the sequencing of the genome of a human body at the cost of about $ 1,000.

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