Targeted therapy may be possible to treat inflammatory and allergic diseases from now on

Tsukuba University scientists showed that the death of epithelial cells plays an important role in controlling the size of barrier body size of specific populations is important; this discovery will help treat a range of diseases targeted. Currently researchers can't fully explain how the factors regulating the body T (Treg) immune cells, T cells can affect other components of the immune system and inflammation. However, recent-published article in Nature Immunologyon suggest that researchers at the University of Tsukuba has proved beneficial intestinal bacteria on T cell proliferation, epithelial cell death, but its inhibition.

The latest research built on previous studies, based on previous studies has shown that bacteria, also known as symbionts, can adjust the status of the organization, including the impact on T cells. These cells have immunomodulatory activity, but the specific mechanism is not clear. This issue is particularly important in terms of the surface barrier. Such as the distribution of a large number of epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract, these epithelial cells show apoptosis or cell death. Prior to this study, these dead cells are not clear whether there is a special role.

Through a lot of tests, the research team found that the death or apoptosis of cells can inhibit T cells in fact. Generally, the intestinal bacteria of T cells role in promoting. A special group of related molecules were identified - the results may be T cell-associated disease or disorder effective T cells.

Co-author of "This is an important study because it shows that these apoptotic epithelial cells, although the body's own waste, but a positive effect on the intestinal environment." University of Tsukuba article immune system Akira Shibuya said. "And Interestingly, the immune cells are dendritic cells symbiotic bacteria promote T cell proliferation medium, but epithelial cell apoptosis through surface phosphatidylserine can block this effect."

By blocking the gene expression in mouse dendritic cells, the number of T cells increased significantly. Thus researchers realized that this gene can inhibit the proliferation of T cells. Phosphatidylserine product encoded by the gene and apoptosis of epithelial cells on the interaction of dendritic cells by blocking the β- interferon signaling molecules, thereby promoting the proliferation of T cells.

"In normal mice and apoptosis of epithelial cells phosphatidylserine receptor knockout mice difference between our study groups demonstrate potential role," First author Chigusa Nakahashi-Oda said. When these effects due to the epithelial cell death could not take place after the destructive inflammatory bowel become less severe, in another set of experiments on mice skin and respiratory tract inflammation reducing effect.

Since it has been clearly verified that the immune system is associated with the channel has clearly different molecules, the researchers hope that by targeting T-cell therapy-related diseases, such as inflammatory and allergic diseases.

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