Humans have bigger brain volume because of faster metabolism during evolution

A recent US study found that humans evolved brains which are bigger than any other primates due to a faster metabolic rate. The difference between man and ape on the metabolism may be an important factor that makes the two ultimately choose different paths of evolution.

Compared with other primates, the most important difference lies in the volume of the brain. In the course of human evolution, human brain size is increasing, after 200 million years of evolution, the human brain size has increased threefold, and other primate brain has changed little.

The study is published in the journal Nature. The paper says that compared to other primates, humans live longer, more growth, higher percentage of body fat, the digestive system is smaller, but bigger brain, these features need more metabolism, which means that the difference in energy consumption and the ape and distribution significantly. However, the mechanisms behind these differences were previously unclear.

To solve this problem, the United States Hunter College of the City University of New York Pangse Hermann and his team studied 141 individuals known to large apes and daily energy consumption was measured, and the data were compared and analyzed. The results showed that, compared to other primates, humans have a faster metabolic rate, a higher energy consumption. Human consumption of energy per day, respectively, higher than that of chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans 400,635 and 820 kcal. The total energy consumption basal metabolic rate was up from some of the major human higher, that is the human body in a sober and extremely quiet state, not muscle activity, ambient temperature, food and mental stress when energy metabolism rate impact. Major service in the maintenance of basal metabolism cardiopulmonary function of internal organs and brain functioning, a higher basal metabolic rate description cardio, internal organs and the brain more active.

In addition, the researchers also found that compared to other primates, humans have evolved a higher percentage of body fat, providing energy reserves for a wider metabolism and significantly reducing the risk of high energy demand.

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