Scientists find new-type fat, promising to treat obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Researchers have discovered a new molecular pathway which stimulates the body to burn fat; the discovery can be used to treat obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The study was published in the journal Genes & Development. It is a study by research team from McGill University on ovarian follicle stimulating hormone and its regulation of adipocyte Activity of McGill University. Researchers knock mouse fat cells produce ovarian follicle stimulating hormone genes by triggering a number of molecular signals, the cells changed from stored fat to burn fat.

This process is called adipocytes "browning". Fat is turned brown from the iron-rich mitochondria, a large number of iron-rich mitochondria herald in a high metabolic state of the cell. The main role of brown fat is to burn energy to provide heat to maintain constant temperature of the human body.

Recently, scientists have found a novel is organized in a fat brown fat in a healthy and less healthy white fat between the beige fat is called fat that can respond to specific stimuli like brown fat - such as exposure to a cold environment. These cells are more active, less unhealthy fat deposits, so that we stay away from obesity. Since fat is found in beige, beige find white fat into fat approach has become a new challenge.

"The transformation of white fat into brown fat or cream for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome has a very significant effect, because the excess energy of the body is no longer stored in the adipose tissue, but in brown or beige fat burn out "senior author of the study, Professor Arnim Pause said.

Vincent Giguère research team and cooperation with fatty junk food fed mice continued to 14 weeks, the mice include mice, normal mice and ovarian follicle stimulating hormone-deficient mice fat cells do not produce hormones in ovarian follicles. It was found that normal mice weight increased rapidly, while the ovarian follicle stimulating hormone-deficient mice remained slim, and the insulin and triglycerides did not appear to the explosion. By measuring the amount of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide generation, the researchers found that the ovarian follicle stimulating hormone-deficient mice consumed more fat. In the end of the experiment, the mice a lot less white adipose and white adipose tissue. In addition, the excess energy can make them more tolerant to produce low-temperature environment.

By positioning the ovarian follicle stimulating hormone molecular pathway to stimulate fat cells "brown" of course. This discovery has the potential to develop new treatments. "Since the protein involved in the lock mechanism is a set of drug targets may be directed protein, then one possible inference is that we can develop a beige or brown fat cells activated drugs to help manage obesity and other metabolic disease, "Giguère says.

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