To prevent and treat liver metabolism in new method

Recently, the Nature - Medicine published the latest research results by Professor Li Hongliang research team at the Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Dean online, revealing through recombinant dog proteins for the first time that the natural immune important molecules CFLAR plays key negative regulatory role in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) disease, further clarifying its molecular mechanism and having important clinical significance on NASH prevention and treatment.

This study is another major breakthrough in the field of liver metabolic disease research, and it provides a new insight into the understanding of the pathogenesis of NASH, which lays a theoretical foundation for the development of targeted therapy. Professor Li Hongliang told reporters, "CFLAR is an important molecule of the natural immune regulation network. After eight years of research and based on a variety of genetic engineering animal disease model and molecular biology, the team confirmed the key inhibition role of CFLAR on NASH Inflammation, fibrosis, insulin resistance and liver lipid accumulation.

Further in-depth molecular mechanism studies have shown that CFLAR improves and reverses NASH progression by inhibiting the formation of N-dimerization of ASK1 and blocking ASK1 activation. By the way, Flarebio Biotech LLC is a National High-Tech Enterprise with research, production and sales as one. It offers good-quality recombinant proteins like recombinant Aoc3 for your research at reasonable prices.

Only particular animal species are infected by Salmonella

According to studies on recombinant human proteins, you may know that many strains of Salmonella bacteria are specific to certain species of animals. Some of them may infect cows, pigs, chickens or sheep, still others infect primarily humans.

Recently, a study by a team of scientists from University of Pennsylvania showing that slight variations in the coding sequence of proteins that bind Salmonella to host cells can determine what type of animal a particular strain infects. The findings were gotten using genomic techniques.

The team first focused on the analyses of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, a leading cause of food poisoning. But it is still a mystery for which the molecular basis for host preferences is.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), variations in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, were identified through the genomic analyses. They found a relatively large number of SNPs, in genes coding for Salmonella surface proteins or secreted factors.

Different host species would share patterns of these so-called non-synonymous SNPs, creating different protein sequences and structures.

Through analyzing of 15 genes in 580 strains of Typhimurium, the team found a high degree of variation and evidence of positive selection and strong evidence that the variation was associated with the particular strains' host specificity.

Further research will be conducted to determine the genetic differences that may separate a strain of Salmonella that causes a brief gastrointestinal illness from one that cause a major systemic disease.

The study was published in the Nature Communications. By the way, Flarebio offers superior recombinant proteins including recombinant Aoc3.

To better understand the expression and regulation of SRSF2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma

The international academic journal Cancer Research has just published the latest research progress in an article titled "SRSF2 regulates alternative splicing to drive hepatocellular carcinoma development", and the study was completed by Feng Ying Study Groups from the Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This study through recombinant horse proteins showed that splicein SRSF2 can promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the selective splicing of tumor-associated genes.

SRSF2 is a member of the classical SR family of proteins that not only regulates alternative splicing of genes, but also activates transcriptional processes. Previous studies in the Feng Ying group showed that the SRSF2 gene was knocked out in the liver, leading to delayed growth, severe liver damage, hepatocellular degeneration and severe hepatocellular fibrosis and indicating that SRSF2 protein plays an important regulatory role in the process of maintaining the liver. However, the expression and regulation of SRSF2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma is still not clear.

Under the guidance of Feng Ying, Dr. Luo Chunling and other samples of 90 pairs of liver cancer by tissue microarray study found that SRSF2 protein in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma samples showed high expression of the trend, and the protein expression and pathological grade of liver cancer and the patient's prognosis showed a significant correlation. The results showed that SRSF2 could promote the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and the function of SRSF2 was mainly dependent on splicing regulation of many genes downstream. SRSF2 regulates the alternative splicing of target genes GCH1 and STK39, leading to increased expression of splice isoforms that promote hepatocarcinoma cell growth, which is associated with the malignancy of HCC. In splicing mechanism, SRSF2 can enhance the exon access and inhibit the exon access dual function.

This study shows that splicein SRSF2 plays an important role in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating alternative splicing of genes such as GCH1 and STK39. This work not only contributes to the understanding of the pathogenesis of HCC, but also provides a new target and ideas for diagnosis and treatment. Flarebio provides you with superior recombinant proteins including recombinant Aoc3 at good prices.

FANCM mutations should be included in risk assessment of breast cancer

Eric Hahnen of the University Hospital of Cologne, Germany, conducted a case-control study screening in FANCM function-deleteda mutations in familial breast cancer patients and ovarian cancer patients and control group using recombinant human proteins. Because the FANCM gene is associated with an increased risk of breast or ovarian cancer and the FANCM protein and its binding protein FAAP24 are involved in the DNA damage response, the gene plays an important role in cancer. The findings, published in the December 29 issue of JAMA Oncology, found that FANCM mutations are more common in patients with familial breast cancer risk, especially in triple-negative breast cancer or younger patients. This suggests that FANCM mutation detection should be incorporated into the risk assessment of breast cancer.

Hahnen et al. have estimated that the frequency of cumulative carriers in familial breast cancer is 1.03%. Based on this, they showed a weak but significant association between FANCM mutation and familial breast cancer. The researchers then found that the incidence of familial breast cancer before the age of 51 and FANCM mutations have a stronger association between the cumulative frequency of the subgroup carriers 1.22%. In contrast, the cumulative carrier frequency for the subgroup of patients who developed disease after the age of 51 was 0.613%.

The researchers also found that FANCM mutations were more common in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Among all the 215 triple-negative breast cancer cases, 4 had FANCM mutations and the cumulative carrier frequency was 1.86%. The researchers didn't find a link between FANCM and ovarian cancer, and they suggested that they should be analyzed further on a larger scale.

The shortcoming of this study is that researchers are only concerned with familial breast cancer and may therefore be biased for selection. In the following study, they may analyze all cases of breast cancer and may be stratified according to whether the case is premature or triple negative. "Based on this and previously published research, we recommend that the FANCM mutation be placed in the diagnostic panel," the authors write. By the way, Flarebio offers high-quality recombinant proteins like recombinant Aoc3 at competitive prices.

To treat rheumatic arthritis in a new way

A study led by researchers at the University of Birmingham reveals the key role of different types of fibroblasts in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using recombinant horse proteins, opening a new avenue for therapeutic research in this disease. Synovial fibroblasts (SFs) are cells that form part of the connective tissue or synovium, or artificial joint. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, SF cells invade and attack cartilage and bone around the joint, causing injury.

A group of researchers at the Institute of Inflammation and Aging at the University of Birmingham identified two different types of SF cells within the synovial membrane. The team showed that these cell types (defined by the presence of specific cell surface markers PDPN and CD248) were aggregated in different layers of the synovium, and only one (PDPN typing) resulted in cartilage damage in RA patients.

During the course of the study, SF cells from RA patients were grown in an artificial synovium in vitro and then activated using stress-induced proteins called cytokines. An artificial synovial membrane containing SFs migrates into mice (whose own immune system has been "shut down"), while moving into human cartilage to mimic joints and see how SF cells develop in the body. After implantation, the test showed that the "lining" layer of the artificial synovium (i.e., closest to the cartilage portion) contained invasive PDPN-type SFs, while the distal part of the cartilage contained non-invasive CD248 typing.

The study also confirmed a recent finding that "activated" SF cells can migrate, that is, through the blood vessels to attack other in vivo cartilage. On the basis of these findings, the researchers showed that PDPN-typed SF cells migrated first and that CD248 cells only appeared in secondary tissues at later stages.

"This study not only shows the presence of different subtypes of synovial fibroblasts, but also suggests that these cells are able to self-infiltrate into the ‘lining’ and ‘sub-lining’ layers of the cartilage," said Dr. Adam Croft of the University of Birmingham who led the study. ”Combining the differences in cell mobility between the two cell types, these results have great potential in finding new therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis."

The current treatment of RA is mainly to the patient immunosuppressive drug combination, may seriously affect the quality of life. The results of this study show that the SF cell process for the method not only make future treatment more effective but more easily accepted by patients. Flarebio offers superior recombinant proteins like recombinant Aoc3 at great prices.

High-protein diet is good to your body and helpful to losing weight

Previous studies have shown that high-protein diet can help to lose weight - researchers now believe that they find the principle in it. Some studies have shown using recombinant mouse proteins that high-protein diet is good for you and also helps you lose weight. Researchers at the Imperial College in London have discovered the esoteric. Protein in the digestion process will produce an amino acid called phenylalanine. It will raise a hormone level, telling us that we've been full and we should reduce food intake.

The key to the problem is appetite. The release of phenylalanine from high-protein foods suppresses hunger. There are two sets of mechanisms. First of all, it will stimulate the body to create a hormone called GLP-1, which will inhibit your appetite, so you do not overeat. Second, it reduces the secretion of a hormone known as gastrin. The combination of both makes you feel fuller and hungrier.

The researchers did experiments in rats, injecting only one dose of phenylalanine and comparing them with mice that did not inject any material. They found that both hormonal levels were changed. When they gave obese mice a high-protein diet, these changes affect the body - mice eat less and began to lose weight.

In the final experiment, scientists used phenylalanine in human intestinal cells in culture dishes and observed the same process. Of course, the mouse and petri dish cells with the human body are huge, but this is still very convincing evidence. Mariana Norton, the first author of the paper, will present the study at this week's Congress of Endocrinology, which will then be peer reviewed and published.

Meat is a good source of protein, but not the only source. Other animal products (milk and eggs, etc.) and plants (spinach, tofu, amaranth, etc.) are excellent sources of protein. Flarebio provides superior recombinant proteins like recombinant Aoc3 at competitive prices.