Blood test can be used to detect Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

According to a study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, blood tests would be used to detect chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a tau disease caused by previous repeatedly head hit, such as repeatedly hit on the head occurring in American football and other sports. CTE can be diagnosed by neuropathological examination. Many clinical features of the general population in the CTE are very common, regardless of whether there is the history of the impact head. Thus clinical diagnosis of CTE is quite difficult. Now it is common in the diagnosis of other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, therefore an objective biomarker is needed to diagnose CTE. This study was designed to detect whether plasma tau protein can be used as a positive diagnosis of CTE biomarkers.

This study included the 78 National Football League (NFL) players and 16 reference objects. The extracellular vesicles came from the plasma of all subjects. Fluorescent nanoparticle tracking analysis was to determine the number of vesicles tau staining.

It was found that the extracellular tau of NFL group is higher than reference objects group. There are extracellular tau differences between the two groups, with a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 100%, and positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 53%. In NFL group, the higher extracellular tau is related to poor memory and slower thinking speed.

In conclusion, these preliminary findings show that plasma extracellular tau protein may be a marker which is accurate non-invasive and can be obtained for the diagnosis of CTE.

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